What model is utilized by counselors to assess a student’s cultural and racial identity through different systems?

The ecological model is the correct choice because it emphasizes the various systems that impact a student's cultural and racial identity. This model recognizes that individuals do not exist in isolation; rather, their identities are shaped by interactions with multiple environments, such as family, school, community, and broader societal influences.

In utilizing the ecological model, counselors can assess how these different systems contribute to a student's experiences and perceptions of their identity. This holistic approach allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the complexities surrounding cultural and racial identity, taking into consideration factors like socio-economic status, community resources, and familial dynamics.

In contrast, the behavioral model focuses primarily on observable behaviors and the environmental factors that influence them, lacking the depth to address cultural and racial identities thoroughly. The cognitive model centers on mental processes and thought patterns, which may overlook external social factors that shape identity. The developmental model emphasizes the stages of growth and change throughout a person's life but may not provide the systemic perspective necessary to assess cultural and racial identity comprehensively.