Which response indicates that a student is using conventional moral reasoning according to Lawrence Kohlberg?

The response that indicates a student is using conventional moral reasoning according to Lawrence Kohlberg is the statement about thinking cheating is wrong because it’s against the rules. This aligns with conventional moral reasoning, which is characterized by individuals adhering to societal norms and rules as a basis for their ethical decisions. At this stage (which typically occurs in adolescence), individuals focus on maintaining social order and fulfilling their roles as responsible members of society.

In this context, the student recognizes the importance of rules and laws in shaping moral behavior, suggesting an understanding that ethical standards are upheld within a community. This aligns with Kohlberg's level of conventional morality, where the individual seeks approval and maintains social order through conformity to rules.

Other responses reflect different stages of moral reasoning. The first option highlights concern for the impact on others, suggesting a more empathetic perspective that aligns with post-conventional reasoning. The third response indicates a more pragmatic approach, assessing circumstances rather than adhering to social norms. The last option embraces a self-serving justification that disregards ethical standards in favor of personal gain, indicating a lack of moral reasoning consistent with any of Kohlberg's higher levels.